Desakralisasyon ng “Sakuna” Bilang Disaster sa Karanasang Filipino

The Desacralization of “Sakuna” as Disaster in the Philippine Experience (english)

Alvin B. Yapan: Ateneo de Manila University

DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.13185/KA2019.00406
Published Date: May 17, 2019 | Accepted Date: Apr 18, 2019 | Submitted Date: Jan 4, 2019

Abstract

Ginagamit ng papel na ito ang karanasang Filipino bilang angkla sa pag-aaral kung paanong ang konseptuwalisasyon ng engkuwentro ng tao sa likas na kalamidad ay saksi sa isang pagbabago mula sa “sakuna,” bilang isang panloob na kalagayan ng pagkabalisa, tungo sa “disaster,” bilang isang pagkasira ng mga prosesong panlipunan. Ginagamit ng papel bilang materyang teksto ang panitikang oral mula sa tradisyong premoderno hanggang sa kontemporanyong panitikang nakasulat na nirepresenta ng paglitaw muli ng materyal na paglalarawan ng likas na kalamidad sa mga nobela ni Antonio Abad (La Vida Secreta de Daniel Espeña), Bienvenido Santos (The Volcano), at Liwayway Arceo (Canal de la Reina). Ipangangatwiran ng papel na ito kung papaanong ang pagbabagong ito mula “sakuna” tungong “disaster” ay mababasa sa tagpuan ng isang lumalalang pagsasapare-pareho at debitalisasyon ng lipunan na nagdudulot ng desakralisasyon ng engkuwentro ng tao sa mga likas na kalamidad. Gagamitin ng papel bilang balangkas ang teorya ng relihiyon at karanasang panloob ni Georges Bataille kung saan pinag-iiba niya ang banal at dahay, at ipinanunukala ang pagbalik sa erotisismo bilang pagnanasa para sa transgresibong pagbabago sa gitna ng konsepto ng “sakuna.”

Keywords

sakuna, disaster, kaayusang kosmiko at mora, karanasang panloob, pagkabalisang pandamdamin at pangkatawan, pagbabago at pagnanasa, mga prosesong panlipunan, pamamahala sa panganib ng disaster, likas na kalamidad, banal at dahay, mito, kalikasan at kultura




Title (english)

The Desacralization of “Sakuna” as Disaster in the Philippine Experience

Abstract (english)

The paper uses the Philippine experience as an anchor to study how the conceptualization of man’s encounter with natural calamity witnessed a shift from “sakuna,” as an internal condition of distress, to that of “disaster,” as a disruption of social processes. The paper uses as textual material the oral literature from premodern tradition to contemporary written literature represented by the reemergence of material descriptions of natural calamities in the novels of Antonio Abad (La Vida Secreta de Daniel Espeña, 1960), Bienvenido Santos (The Volcano, 1965) and Liwayway Arceo (Canal de la Reina, 1972-1973). The paper will argue how this shift from “sakuna” to “disaster” can be read against the backdrop of a growing homogenization and de-vitalization of society which led to the desacralization of man’s encounter with natural calamities. The paper will use as a framework the theory of religion and inner experience by Georges Batailles where he draws differences between the sacred and the profane, and advocates the return of eroticism as desire for transgressive change at the center of the concept of “sakuna.”

Keywords (english)

sakuna, disaster, inner experience, emotional and bodily distress, disaster risk management, sacred and profane, nature and culture

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